Climate Enlightenment and Asceticism: Two Sides of Climate Change Consciousness/ Conscience in Spain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5477/cis/reis.183.101Keywords:
Climate Asceticism, Climate Change, Climate Conscientisation (Awareness and Conscience); , Climate Enlightenment, Emic Perspective, Climate Concern, Focus GroupsAbstract
Sociological research on concern about climate change is often ambivalent: an unconcerned concern which is both affirmed and denied at the same time. This article takes this ambivalence as its starting point. It focuses on the empirical material provided by recent qualitative research on CC in Spain. This material indicated that ambivalent concern can be resolved through a complex process of critical consciousness/ conscience (CC/C). Our analysis traced the meanings given to conscientisation in the focus groups conducted. The conclusion was that there was a twofold (cognitive and deontic) meaning of conscientisation, namely, as a process of cognitive enlightenment and a process of moral asceticism. This framework provides the elements for managing ambivalence in climate concern.
Downloads
References
Beck, Ulrich (2015). «Emancipatory Catastroph- ism: What Does It Mean to Climate Change and Risk Society?». Current Sociology, 63(1): 75-88. doi: 10.1177/0011392114559951 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392114559951
Bettini, Giovanni (2013). «Climate Barbarians at the Gate? A Critique of Apocalyptic Narratives on “Climate Refugees”». Geoforum, 45: 63-72. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.09.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.09.009
Blake, James (1999). «Overcoming the “Value-Action Gap” in Environmental Policy: Tensions Between National Policy and Local Experience». Local Environment, 4(3): 257-278. doi: 10.1080/13549839908725599 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839908725599
Boltanski, Luc y Thévenot, Laurent (1991). De la jus- tification: économies de la grandeur. Paris: NRF.
Bostrom, Ann; Morgan, Granger M.; Fischoff, Baruch y Read, Daniel (1994). «What Do People Know about Climate Change? Part 1: Mental Models». Risk Analysis, 14: 959-970. doi: 10.1111/j.1539- 6924.1994.tb00065.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00065.x
Brace, Catherine y Geoghegan, Hillary (2011). «Hu- man Geographies of Climate Change: Land- scape, Temporality, and Lay Knowledges». Pro- gress in Human Geography, 35(3): 284-302. doi: 10.1177/0309132510376259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132510376259
Callejo, Javier (2021). «El discurso ausente: el caso del cambio climático». Papers, 106(2): 279-301. doi: 10.5565/rev/papers.2802 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/papers.2802
Callejo, Javier y Agudo, Yolanda (2021). Información y opinión pública en el marco del cambio climá- tico. En: D. Álvarez Rivas e I. Jiménez Gómez (eds.). Comunicación y cambio climático (pp. 11- 32). Madrid: Fragua.
Carolan, Michael (2010). «Sociological Ambivalence and Climate Change». Local Environment, 15(4): 309-321. doi: 10.1080/13549831003677662 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13549831003677662
Chapman, Daniel A.; Lickel, Brian y Markowitz, Ezra (2017). «Reassessing Emotion in Climate Change Communication». Nature Climate Change, 7: 850-852. doi: 10.1038/s41558-017-0021-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0021-9
Dake, Karl (1991). «Orienting Dispositions in the Perception of Risk: An Analysis of Contempo- rary Worldviews and Cultural Biases». Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 22: 61-82. doi. 10.11 77/0022022191221006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022191221006
Dake, Karl (1992). «Myths of Nature: Culture and the So- cial Construction of Risk». Journal of Social Issues, 48: 21-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1992.tb01943.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1992.tb01943.x
Davidson, Debra (2012). «Analyzing Responses to Climate Change through the Lens of Reflexiv- ity». British Journal Sociology, 63(4): 616-640. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-4446.2012.01429.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2012.01429.x
Davidson, Debra J. y Stedman, Richard C. (2018).«Calling Forth the Change-makers: Reflexiv- ity Theory and Climate Change Attitudes and Behaviors». Acta Sociológica, 61(1): 79-94. doi: 10.1177/0001699317693065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699317693065
Dunlap, Riley E. (1998). «Lay Perceptions of Global Risk: Public Views of Global Warming in Cross-national Context». International Sociology, 13: 473-498. doi: 10.1177/026858098013004004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/026858098013004004
Durkheim, Émile (1982). Las formas elementales de la vida religiosa. Madrid: Akal.
Echavarren, José M. (2012). La percepción del cam- bio climático en España. En: A. Baigorri (ed.). Transiciones ambientales y participación: estu- dios de sociología ambiental (pp. 67-78). Sala- manca: Amarú.
Ereaut, Gill y Segnit, Nat (2006). Warm Words: How Are We Telling the Climate Story and Can We Tell It Better? London: IPPR.
Farré, Jordi y Gonzalo, José L. (2011). Teoría de la Comunicación de Riesgo. Barcelona: UOC.
Ferguson, Mark A. y Branscombe, Nyla R. (2010).
«Collective Guilt Mediates the Effect of Beliefs about Global Warming on Willingness to Engage in Mitigation Behavior». Journal of Environmenta Psychology, 30(2): 135-142. doi: 10.1016/j. jenvp.2009.11.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.010
Ferrater, José (1979). Diccionario de Filosofía. Ma- drid: Alianza.
Foucault, Michel (1973). El orden del discurso. Bar- celona: Tusquets.
García, Ernest (2008). ¿Por qué andamos siem- pre a la greña con la naturaleza si nos pasamos la vida jurándole amor eterno? En: J. Riechmann (coord.). ¿En qué estamos fallando? Cambio so- cial para ecologizar el mundo (pp. 27-52). Barce- lona: Icaria.
Gardiner, Stephen (2011). Climate Justice. En: J. Dryzek; R. Norgaard y D. Schlosberg (eds.). Ox- ford Handbook of Climate Change and Society (pp. 248-258). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Giddens, Anthony (2010). Política del Cambio Climá- tico. Madrid: Alianza.
Gunderson, Ryan; Stuart, Diana y Petersen, Brian (2018). «Ideological Obstacles to Effective Cli- mate Policy: The Greening of Markets, Technol-ogy, and Growth». Capital & Class, 42(1): 133- 160. doi: 10.1177/0309816817692127 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309816817692127
Hoggett, Paul (2011). «Climate Change and the Apocalyptic Imagination». Psychoanalysis, Cul- ture & Society, 16(3): 261-275. doi: 10.1057/ pcs.2011.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/pcs.2011.1
Hornsey, Matthew J. y Fielding, Kelly S. (2020). «Un- derstanding (and Reducing) Inaction on Climate Change». Social Issues & Policy Review, 14(1): 3-35. doi: 10.1111/sipr.12058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12058
Hughes, Liewelyn; Konisky, David M. y Potter, Sandra (2020). «Extreme Weather and Climate Opinion: Evidence from Australia». Climatic Change, 163(2): 723-743. doi: 10.1007/s10584-020-02900-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02900-5
Hulme, Mike (2009). Why We Disagree About Cli- mate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511841200
Ibáñez, Jesús (1979). Más allá de la sociología. Ma- drid: Siglo XXI.
Jasanoff, Sheila (2010). «A New Climate for Society». Theory, Culture & Society, 27(2-3): 233-253. doi: 10.1177/0263276409361497 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276409361497
Jonas, Hans (1995). El principio de responsabilidad.
Barcelona: Herder.
Kahan, Dan (2010). «Fixing the Communications Fail- ure». Nature, 463: 296-297. doi: 10.1038/463296a DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/463296a
Kahan, Dan M.; Jenkins-Smith, Hans y Braman, Donald (2011). «Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus». Journal of Risk Research, 14(2): 147-174. doi: 10.1080/13669877.2010.511246 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2010.511246
Kahan, Dan; Peters, Ellen; Wittlin, Maggie; Slovic, Paul; Ouellette, Lisa L.; Braman, Donald y Mandel, Gregory (2012). «The Polarizing Impact of Science Literacy and Numeracy on Perceived Climate Change Risks». Nature Climate Change, 2: 732- 735. doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE154 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1547
Kant, Emmanuel (1978). ¿Qué es la Ilustración? En: Emmanuel Kant Fisolofía de la Historia (pp. 25-37). México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Kempton, Willet; Boster, James, S. y Hartley, Jennifer
A. (1995). Environmental Values in American Cul- ture. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, Cam- bridge.
Konisky, David M.; Hughes, Liewelyn y Kaylor, Charles H. (2016). «Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change Concern». Climate Change, 134(4): 533-547. doi: 10.1007/s10584-015- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1555-3
-3Krauss, Werner; Shäfer, Mike y Storch, Hans von (2012). «Introduction: Post-normal Climate Sci- ence». Nature & Culture, 7(2): 121-132. doi: 10.316 7/nc.2012.070201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3167/nc.2012.070201
Leiserowitz, Anthony (2005). «American Risk Per- ceptions: Is Climate Change Dangerous?». Risk Analysis, 25(6): 1433-1442. doi: 10.1111/j.1540- 6261.2005.00690.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00690.x
Leiserowitz, Anthony (2006). «Climate Change Risk Perception and Policy Reference: The Role of Af- fect, Imagery and Values». Climate Change, 77: 45-72. doi: 10.1007/s10584-006-9059-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9059-9
Lorenzoni, Irene y Pidgeon, Nick (2006). «Public Views on Climate Change: European and USA Perspectives». Climatic Change, 77(1-2): 73-95. doi: 10.1007/s10584-006-9072-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9072-z
Lorenzoni, Irene; Nicholson-Cole, Sophie y Whitmarsh, Lorreine E. (2007) «Barriers Perceived to Engag- ing with Climate Change among the UK Public and Their Policy Implications». Global Environmen- tal Change, 173: 445-459. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenv- cha.2007.01.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.01.004
Lucas, Chloe H. y Davison, Aidan (2018). «Not “Get- ting on the Bandwagon”: When climate change is a matter of unconcern». Environment and Planning E, 2(1): 129-148. doi: 10.1177/2514848618818763 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2514848618818763
Markowitz, Ezra M. y Shariff, Azim F. (2012). «Cli- mate Change and Moral Judgement». Nature Climate Change, 2: 243-247. doi: 10.1038/NCLI- MATE1378 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1378
McCright, Aaron y Dunlap, Riley E. (2011). «The Po- liticization of Climate Change and Polarization in the American Public’s Views of Global Warming, 2001-2010». Sociological Quarterly, 52(2): 155- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.2011.01198.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1533-8525.2011.01198.x
McCright, Aaron; Dunlap, Riley E. y Marquart-Pyatt, Sandra (2016). «Political Ideology and Views about Climate Change in the European Union». Environmental Politics, 25(2): 338-358. doi: 10.10 80/09644016.2015.1090371 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2015.1090371
Miller, David (1992). «Deliberative Democracy and Social Choice». Political Studies, 40: 54-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.1992.tb01812.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1992.tb01812.x
Morito, Bruce (2010). «Ethics of Climate Change: Adopting an Empirical Approach to Moral Concern». Human Ecology Review, 17(2): 106-116.
Moyano, Eduardo; Paniagua, Ángel y Lafuente, Regina (2009). «Políticas ambientales, cambio climático y opinión pública en escenarios regionales. El caso de Andalucía». Revista Internacional de Sociología, 67(3): 681-699. doi: 10.3989/ris.2008.01.23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2008.01.23
Nerlich, Brigitte (2015). «Metaphors in Science and Society: The Case of Climate Science and Climate Scientists». Language & Semiotic Studies, 1(2): 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/lass-2015-010201
Nisbet, Matthew (2011). Public Opinion and Partic- ipation. En: J. Dryzek; R. Norgaard y D. Schlosberg (eds.). Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society (pp. 283-294). Oxford: Oxford Uni- versity Press.
Norgaard, Kari (2011). Living in Denial: Climate Change, Emotions and Everyday Life. Cam- bridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262015448.001.0001
Ollinaho, Ossi (2016). «Environmental Destruction as (Objectively) Uneventful and (Subjectively) Irrele- vant». Environmental Sociology, 2(1): 53-63. doi: 10.1080/23251042.2015.1114207 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23251042.2015.1114207
Oltra, Christian; Sala, Roser; Gamero, Nuria y Solà, Rosario (2008). «Cambio climático y opinión pública en España: percepción del problema y política energética». Sistema: Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 205: 93-106.
O’Neill, Saffron y Nicholson-Cole, Sophie (2009).
«“Fear Won’t Do It”: Promoting Positive Engagement with Climate Change through Visual and Iconic Representations». Science Communication, 30(3): 355-379. doi: 10.1177/1075547008329201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547008329201
O’Neill, Saffron; Maxwell Boykoff, Maxwell; Niemeyer, Simon y Day, Sophie A. (2013). «On the Use of Imagery for Climate Change Engage- ment». Global Environmental Change, 23: 413- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.11.006
doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.11.006 Oreskes, Naomi y Conway, Erik M. (2018). Mercade-
res de la duda. Madrid: Capitán Swing.
Pardo, Mercedes (2006). El análisis de la conciencia ecológica en la opinión pública: ¿contradicciones entre valores y comportamiento? En: R. de Cas- tro (coord.). Persona, Sociedad y Medio Ambiente, Perspectivas de la investigación social de la soste- nibilidad (pp. 71-82). Sevilla: Junta de Andalucía.
Pentland, Alex (2015). Social Phisics. New York: Penguin.
Ramos, Ramón y Callejo, Javier (2016). Semán- tica social de la crisis: repertorio de sentido a la mano. En: B. Tejerina y G. Gatti (eds.) Pensar la agencia en la crisis (pp. 35-56). Madrid: CIS.
Ramos, Ramón y Callejo, Javier (2022). «La preocu- pación social por el cambio climático en España: una aproximación cualitativa». Política y Socie- dad, 59(3): 74131. doi: 10.5209/poso.74131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5209/poso.74131
Reynolds, Travis W.; Bostrom, Ann; Read, Daniel y Morgan, M. Granger (2010). «Now What Do People Know about Global Climate Change? Survey Studies of Educated Lay People». Risk Analysis, 30: 1520-1538. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01448.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01448.x
Rees, Jonas H. y Bamberg, Sebastian (2014). «Cli- mate Protection Needs Societal Change: Deter- minants of Intention to Participate in Collective Climate Action». European Journal of Social Psy- chology, 44(5): 466-473. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.2032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2032
Risbey, James S. (2008). «The New Climate Dis- course: Alarmist or Alarming?». Global Environ- mental Change, 18(1): 26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.glo- envcha.2007.06.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.06.003
Rodríguez-Priego, Nuria; Montoro Ríos, Francisco
J. y Georgantzís, Nikolaos (2014). «Percepción del riesgo y compromiso por reducir el cambio climático global en España». Revista Internacio- nal de Sociología, 72(1): 173-200. doi: 10.3989/ ris.2012.08.03 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2012.08.03
Roser-Renouf, Connie y Nisbet, Matthew (2008).
«The Measure of Key Behavioral Science Con- structs in Climate Change Research». International Journal of Sustainability Communication, 3: 37-95.
Simmel, Georg (2016). Sociología: estudios sobre las formas de socialización. México: FCE.
Stevenson, Hayley y Dryzek, John S. (2014). Democ- ratizing Global Climate Governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139208628
Swidler, Ann (1986). «Culture in Action». American Sociological Review, 51(2): 273-286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2095521
Swyngedouw, Erik (2010). «Apocalypse Forever? Post-political Populism and the Spectre of Climate Change». Theory, Culture & Society, 27(2- 3): 213-232. doi: 10.1177/0263276409358728 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276409358728
Thompson, Michael y Rayner, Steve (1998) «Risk and Governance Part I: The Discourses of Cli- mate Change». Government & Opposition, 33(2): 139-166. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-7053.1998.tb00787.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1998.tb00787.x
Verweij, Marco; Douglas, Mary; Ellis, Richard; Engel, Christoph; Hendriks, Frank; Lohmann, Susanne; Ney, Steven; Rayner, Steve y Thompson, Michael (2006). «Clumsy Solutions for a Complex World: The Case of Climate Change». Public Ad- ministration, 84(4): 817-843. doi: 10.1111/j.1540- 8159.2005.09566.x-i1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2005.09566.x-i1
Weber, Elke (2016). «What Shapes Perceptions of Cli- mate Change? New Research since 2010». WIREs Climate Change, 7: 125-134. doi: 10.1002/wcc.377 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.377
Weber, Elke y Stern, Paul (2011). «Public’s Understanding of Climate Change in the United States». American Psychologist, 66: 315-328. doi: 10.1037/a0023253 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023253
Weber, Max (1979). La ética protestante y el espíritu del capitalismo. Barcelona: Península.
Wildavsky, Aaron y Dake, Karl (1990). «Theories of Risk Perception: Who Fears What and Why?». Daedalus, 119(4): 41-60.
Zaval, Lisa; Keenan, Elizabeth; Johnson, Eric J. y Weber, Elke U. (2014). «Understanding Local Warming: How Warm Days Lead to Increased Be- lief in Global Warming». Nature Climate Change, 4: 143-147. doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2093 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2093
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 REIS. Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Permite Compartir — copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o formato, Adaptar — remezclar, transformar y construir a partir del material para cualquier propósito, incluso comercialmente.
