Consecuencias no intencionales y figuración

Una incursión crítica en la obra de Norbert Elias

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse the theorectical centrality of a classic subject in sociology
—«the unintended consequences of social action» (UCA)— through an exploration of the work of
Norbert Elias. First of all, the paper tries to delineate the analytical bases of the UCA, having as a
starting point the critical revision made by Ramón Ramos, who tries to revitalise its operational
character in contemporary sociology. Secondly, in line with Ramos’s proposal, the way Elias
develops the task of focusing the subject of sociology through the overcoming of certain traditional
dualisms —individual/society, action/structure, micro/macro—, introducing at the center of his
analysis the concept of «figuration», as a synthetical promise in social theory. This concept
integrates two analytical levels —intended and unintended structures— that are frecuently
differentiated from one another. Elias, in the figurational process postulates the existance of:
a) unintended interdependencies between intentional actions; b) these unintended interdependencies
remain over the intentional actions of the individuals, when one analyses social processes. In this
way, intentions and individuals are made by unintended interdependencies in the figurational
process. Finally, the theorectical strengths and weaknesses of Elias’s proposal will be discussed in
view of his persistant attempt of distancing his views from holism and from methodological
individualism.